Countermeasures for the layout of the hottest mine

Countermeasures for mine site and mining area layout

1) when selecting project site

in addition to considering the economy and technical rationality of the construction project and meeting the requirements of production layout and mining area planning, in terms of safety, we should focus on the impact of geological, topographical, hydrological, meteorological and other natural conditions on coal mine safety production and the interaction between the coal mine and the surrounding areas

(1) natural conditions

① it is not allowed to build on all kinds of (scenery, nature, historical relics and historic sites, water sources, etc.), all kinds of (landslides, mud, karst caves, quicksand, etc.) directly harmful sections, high radiation background areas, mining subsidence (dislocation) areas, inundation areas, seismogenic fault areas, seismic areas with seismic intensity higher than 9 degrees, grade IV collapsible loess areas, grade III expansive soil areas, endemic disease high incidence areas and waste chemical layers

② take targeted and reliable countermeasures according to the data of natural conditions such as earthquake, flood, lightning strike, terrain and geological structure, combined with the production process and characteristics of coal mine. Such as setting reliable flood control and drainage facilities, fortifying according to the requirements of earthquake intensity, remedial measures when engineering geology and hydrogeology cannot fully meet the needs of engineering construction, and changing shaft development to inclined shaft development

(2) interaction with surrounding areas

in addition to the scope of management by the environmental protection and fire protection administrative departments, the wind direction and the degree of interaction between the construction project and the surrounding areas (especially the surrounding living areas, tourist scenic spots, cultural relics protection areas, airports and important communication, power transmission and transformation facilities, open radiation work units, nuclear power plants, highly toxic chemical production plants, etc.) in terms of danger and harmfulness are mainly considered, and the location adjustment Keep safe distance and health protection distance according to national regulations

for example, roads, regional overhead power lines or regional flood drainage ditches are strictly prohibited from crossing the mining area; Coal mines may pollute rivers and groundwater, and should be arranged in towns, residential areas, downstream of water sources and low-lying areas

2) the plane layout of the mining area

while meeting the production process flow, operation requirements, use function needs and fire protection and environmental protection requirements, countermeasures are taken in the plane layout mainly from the wind direction, safety (fire prevention) distance, traffic and transportation safety, and the danger and harmfulness of various operations and materials

(1) functional zoning

the production area, auxiliary production area (including power area, storage and transportation area, etc.), management area and living area are arranged respectively according to the relative concentration of functions. During the layout, the production process, production characteristics and fire and explosion hazards should be considered, and the terrain, wind direction and other conditions should be combined to reduce the cross influence of dangerous and harmful factors. The management area and living area should generally be arranged on the upwind side of the annual or summer dominant wind or the downwind side of the annual minimum wind frequency wind direction

the circulating cooling water tower (pool) of auxiliary production facilities should not be arranged on the upwind side of the dominant wind direction in winter of transformer substation, open-air production plant and railway, and on the upwind side of the dominant wind direction of facilities that are afraid of being affected by water mist and throughout the year

(2) transportation and loading and unloading in the mine. The transportation and loading and unloading in the mine include the transportation and loading and unloading of railway, road, conveyor corridor and wharf in the mine (including the transportation and loading and unloading of dangerous goods). Appropriate transportation and transportation connection methods shall be selected according to the process flow, freight volume, nature of goods and fire protection needs, and the traffic flow, logistics and people flow shall be reasonably organized (keep the transportation smooth, the logistics smooth and the transportation distance shortest, economic and reasonable, and avoid circuitous and horizontal cross transportation, road and railway level crossing, mixed flow of people and vehicles, etc.). In order to ensure the safety of transportation, loading and unloading, the system must be tested, Countermeasures should be taken from the design of the layout, width, slope, turning (curve) radius, clearance height, safety boundary and safety line of sight of roads and railways (including sidewalks) in the mine, the distance between buildings and roads, and the layout of loading and unloading (especially dangerous goods loading and unloading) places, coal yards, equipment and material warehouses, etc

according to the requirements of industrial and professional standards, take corresponding transportation and loading and unloading countermeasures

according to the principle of meeting the needs of the process flow and avoiding the intersection and interaction of dangerous and harmful factors, the production devices, material storage areas and necessary transportation, operation, safety and maintenance channels in the mine are arranged

for example, coal yards and gangue dumps should be arranged on the downwind side of the dominant wind direction in the year or summer in places where people are concentrated; Set up circular passages to ensure the smooth passage of fire engines and emergency vehicles through places where accidents may occur; In the storage area of inflammables and explosives, set up sections that restrict or prohibit vehicle access according to safety needs; The road clearance height shall not be less than 5m; The railway in the mine shall not pass through the storage area of inflammables and explosives; The exit of main people and the exit of main goods should be arranged separately, and the exit and entrance of coal truck should be arranged separately; The wharf should be located in the underground water source of the mining area; Facilities with frequent access of motor vehicles such as dangerous goods warehouses should be placed on the edge of the mining area or outside the mining area, and independent fences should be set up; The general transformer and distribution substation that uses overhead power lines to enter and exit the mine and enter the high-speed development stage area should be arranged at the edge of the mining area, etc

(3) arrangement of strong noise sources and vibration sources

① the main noise sources on the ground should meet the requirements of the standard for noise at the boundary of industrial enterprises (GB 12348 1990), the code for design of noise control in industrial enterprises (GBJ 87-1985), the hygienic standard for the design of industrial enterprises (GBZ 1 2002), etc. the noise sources should be far away from the quiet areas inside and outside the mine, and should be relatively concentrated and low-level layout; The high-noise workshop and low-noise workshop should be arranged separately, and the non noise sensitive facilities (such as auxiliary workshops, warehouses, storage yards, etc.) and high and large buildings (structures) with favorable orientation for sound insulation should be arranged around them as buffer belts; The traffic trunk line shall be kept at a proper distance from the management area and living area

② strong vibration sources (including production devices such as lifting equipment, trains, heavy truck roads, etc.) should be kept away from management, living areas and sensitive work areas according to functional needs and the allowable vibration speed requirements of instruments and equipment. (4) Natural ventilation and lighting of buildings. In order to meet the needs of daylighting and natural ventilation, the daylighting of ground buildings should comply with the requirements of the standard for daylighting design of industrial enterprises (GB 50033--1991) and the hygienic standard for the design of industrial enterprises (gbzl 2002). The orientation of buildings (especially those with thermal processing and harmful media) should be determined according to the local latitude and the dominant wind direction in summer (generally, the dominant wind direction in summer should be perpendicular to the long axis of buildings or the included angle should be greater than 45 degrees). Semi enclosed building × 20 the opening direction of the building faces the dominant wind direction throughout the year, and the included angle between the opening direction and the dominant wind direction should not be greater than 45 degrees). In hills, basins and mountainous areas, the orientation of buildings should be determined by comprehensively considering terrain, latitude and wind direction. The space between buildings shall meet the requirements of lighting, ventilation and fire protection

(5) other requirements. Other corresponding plane layout countermeasures should be taken according to the requirements of industrial specifications such as code for general plane design of industrial enterprises (GB 50187--1993), code for design of factory and mine roads (GBJ 22 1987)